Towards smart style : combining RDF semantics with XML document transformations

The 'Document Web' has established itself through the creation of an impressive family of XML and related languages. In addition to this, the 'Semantic Web' is developing its own family of languages based primarily on RDF. Although these families were both developed specifically for 'the Web', each language family has been developed from different premises with specific goals in mind. The result is that combining both families in a single application is surprisingly difficult. This is unfortunate, since the combination of semantic processing with document processing provides advantages in both directions --- namely using semantic inferencing for more intelligent document processing and using document processing tools for presenting semantic representations to an end-user. In this paper, we investigate this integration problem, focusing on the role of (RDF) semantics in selecting, structuring and styling (XML) content. We analyze the approaches taken by two example architectures and use our analysis to derive a more integrated alternative

Interactive user modeling for personalized access to museum collections : the Rijksmuseum case study

In this paper we present an approach for personalized access to museum collections. We use a RDF/OWL specification of the Rijksmuseum Amsterdam collections as a driver for an interactive dialog. The user gives his/her judgment on the artefacts, indicating likes or dislikes. The elicited user model is further used for generating recommendations of artefacts and topics. In this way we support exploration and discovery of information in museum collections. A user study provided insights in characteristics of our target user group, and showed how novice and expert users employ their background knowledge and implicit interest in order to elicit their art preference in the museum collections

Semantics-driven recommendations in cross-media museum applications

In this paper we present the CHIP demonstrator aimed at helping users to explore the Rijksmuseum Amsterdam collection both online and inside the museum. Cultural heritage data from various external sources is integrated to provide an enriched semantic knowledge structure. The resulting RDF/OWL graph is the basis for CHIP main functionality for recommendations, search and personalized interaction

To wet or not to wet: that is the question

Wetting transitions have been predicted and observed to occur for various combinations of fluids and surfaces. This paper describes the origin of such transitions, for liquid films on solid surfaces, in terms of the gas-surface interaction potentials V(r), which depend on the specific adsorption system. The transitions of light inert gases and H2 molecules on alkali metal surfaces have been explored extensively and are relatively well understood in terms of the least attractive adsorption interactions in nature. Much less thoroughly investigated are wetting transitions of Hg, water, heavy inert gases and other molecular films. The basic idea is that nonwetting occurs, for energetic reasons, if the adsorption potential's well-depth D is smaller than, or comparable to, the well-depth of the adsorbate-adsorbate mutual interaction. At the wetting temperature, Tw, the transition to wetting occurs, for entropic reasons, when the liquid's surface tension is sufficiently small that the free energy cost in forming a thick film is sufficiently compensated by the fluid- surface interaction energy. Guidelines useful for exploring wetting transitions of other systems are analyzed, in terms of generic criteria involving the "simple model", which yields results in terms of gas-surface interaction parameters and thermodynamic properties of the bulk adsorbate.Comment: Article accepted for publication in J. Low Temp. Phy

Expanding the clinical phenotype of individuals with a 3-bp in-frame deletion of the NF1 gene (c.2970_2972del): an update of genotype–phenotype correlation

Purpose: Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is characterized by a highly variable clinical presentation, but almost all NF1-affected adults present with cutaneous and/or subcutaneous neurofibromas. Exceptions are individuals heterozygous for the NF1 in-frame deletion, c.2970_2972del (p.Met992del), associated with a mild phenotype without any externally visible tumors. Methods: A total of 135 individuals from 103 unrelated families, all carrying the constitutional NF1 p.Met992del pathogenic variant and clinically assessed using the same standardized phenotypic checklist form, were included in this study. Results: None of the individuals had externally visible plexiform or histopathologically confirmed cutaneous or subcutaneous neurofibromas. We did not identify any complications, such as symptomatic optic pathway gliomas (OPGs) or symptomatic spinal neurofibromas; however, 4.8% of individuals had nonoptic brain tumors, mostly low-grade and asymptomatic, and 38.8% had cognitive impairment/learning disabilities. In an individual with the NF1 constitutional c.2970_2972del and three astrocytomas, we provided proof that all were NF1-associated tumors given loss of heterozygosity at three intragenic NF1 microsatellite markers and c.2970_297

Determining user interests about museum collections

Currently, there is an increasing effort to provide various personalized services on museum web sites. This paper presents an approach for determining user interests in a museum collection with the help of an interactive dialog. It uses a semantically annotated collection of the Rijksmuseum Amsterdam to elicit specific user's interests in artists, periods, genres and themes and uses these values to recommend relevant artefacts and related concepts from the museum collection. In the presented prototype, we show how constructing a user profile and applying recommender strategies in this way enable dynamical generation personalized museum tours for different users

SHACL-based Ontology Design Patterns for Evidence-based Decision-making

This work proposes an application of Semantic Web SHACL-defined constraints to detect premature information in decision-making. We frame these as ontology design patterns to facilitate domain experts in building Semantic Web-based ontologies for detecting premature information. This helps decision-makers to move from intuition-based decision-making to evidence-based decision-making. This work also explores the use of ontology design patterns for business rules, for reasoning beyond inferencing, and for end-user interfaces. While this work’s context lies in the Semantic Web’s traditional focus on data integration and inferencing, we focus here on how SHACL’s constraint logic builds on top of this. The result approaches implementing business rule system logic that can apply to the integrated big data of the Semantic Web. We detect the completeness, reproducibility, consensus, and conflict violations using Semantic Web constraints. Domain experts can re-use the evidence-based management pattern and apply it for their decisions. We use requirement prioritization as an example of a decision from software product management to validate our approach

Making RDF presentable : integrated global and local semantic web browsing

This paper discusses generating document structure from annotated media repositories in a domain-independent manner. This approaches the vision of a universal RDF browser. We start by applying the search-and-browse paradigm established for the WWW to RDF presentation. Furthermore, this paper adds to this paradigm the clustering-based derivation of document structure from search returns, providing simple but domain-independent hypermedia generation from RDF stores. While such generated presentations hardly meet the standards of those written by humans, they provide quick access to media repositories when the required document has not yet been written. The resulting system allows a user to specify a topic for which it generates a hypermedia document providing guided navigation through virtually any RDF repository. The impact for content providers is that as soon as one adds new media items and their annotations to a repository, they become immediately available for automatic integration into subsequently requested presentation

Structuring and presenting annotated media repositories

The Semantic Web envisions a Web that is both human readable and machine processible. In practice, however, there is still a large conceptual gap between annotated content repositories on the one hand, and coherent, human readable Web pages on the other. To bridge this conceptual gap, one needs to select the appropriate content from the repository, structure and order the material, and design a Web page that effectively conveys the selected content and the chosen structure. In addition to this conceptual gap, there is also a technological gap. On one side of this gap, we find the semantic-oriented technology deployed to build annotated content repositories. This includes RDF, RDF Schema and OWL. On the other side of the gap is the syntax-oriented technology deployed to build Websites. This includes XML, XSLT, CSS, XHTML and SMIL. In this paper, we discuss the conceptual relationships between the world of explicit metadata semantics and the world of Web presentations and their underlying syntactic formats. We also explore to what extent this gap can be bridged automatically, and how current Web technologies can be used to support this process